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Several myxobacterial metabolites have been purified and shown to be bioactive and therefore myxobacteria represent an underexploited resource for bioactive discovery ( Landwehr et al., 2016). The Order Myxococcales (myxobacteria) are well known for their predatory lifestyle, which has been linked to the secretion of antimicrobial secondary metabolites and proteins, within and alongside outer membrane vesicles ( Evans et al., 2012 Whitworth et al., 2015 Findlay, 2016 Livingstone et al., 2018). These observations encourage further exploration of Corallococcus as a source for novel bioactive secondary metabolites and predatory proteins. Thus, predation seems multifactorial, depending partially on BGC complement, but also on the accessory pan-genome – genes most likely acquired horizontally.
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Predatory activity was assayed against ten prey microbes and found to be mostly incongruent with phylogeny or BGC complement. The Corallococcus accessory pan-proteome was enriched for the COG functional category “Secondary metabolism,” with each genome containing on average 55 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), of which only 20 belonged to the core pan-genome. On average, only 30.5% of each strain’s gene set belonged to the core pan-genome, while more than 75% of the accessory pan-genome genes were present in less than four of the 24 genomes. The Corallococcus pan-genome was found to be open, with strains exhibiting highly individual gene sets. Genomic similarity metrics grouped the sequenced strains into at least nine distinct genomospecies, divided between two major sub-divisions of the genus, encompassing previously described diversity. To investigate the genomic basis of predation, we genome-sequenced 23 Corallococcus strains. coralloides (for which a genome sequence is available) and C. Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United KingdomĬorallococcus is an abundant genus of predatory soil myxobacteria, containing two species, C.
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